Instructions for the invention and use of a new type of DC voltage divider

Author： GOZ Electric Time：2024-06-03 09:28:32 Read：11

The present invention relates to a power converter, and in particular to a DC voltage divider composed of a capacitor diode and a switch for converting an input high voltage into a DC low voltage output.

AC transformer is an electric energy converter composed of an inductor coil and an iron core. In the more than 100 years since its invention, it has been widely used in electric power and electronic engineering, and almost independently undertakes the task of electric energy conversion. However, due to limitations of its own performance and characteristics, it can no longer fully adapt to the development requirements of miniaturization, material saving, and low energy consumption of modern electrical equipment.

The AC transformer is a bidirectional transmission device. Its input and output are both AC. This characteristic determines that most power transmission lines are powered by AC. Although the AC power supply method brings many problems to the power supply of the power system. It is convenient, but it also creates problems such as difficulty in connecting the AC grid to the grid, low utilization of transmission lines, large losses, and inconsistent standards. In addition, it also causes phase losses and AC and DC conversion losses in the power system.

For a long time, people have been trying to find a new power converter that is superior to transformers in terms of performance, volume, efficiency and other comprehensive indicators.

In power systems, with the development of modern microelectronics technology, there is an urgent need to solve low-voltage, high-current, small-volume, and high-reliability power supply equipment for computers, modern communication equipment, and other automation equipment. To this end, people use high-frequency control Technology has transformed transformers and produced switching power supplies. After years of efforts and the development of high-frequency power devices, switching power supplies with powers of several watts, tens of watts, or even thousands of watts have become increasingly widely used. However, current switching power supplies still rely on transformers for voltage conversion. Transformers operating at high frequencies have brought about problems such as high reverse peak voltage, radiation interference, and difficulty in high-power production. Especially high-frequency transformers also have a power limit problem.

By increasing the operating frequency of the transformer, the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils of the transformer can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the transformer. However, as the operating frequency of the transformer increases, its inductive reactance also increases, which limits the Its output power, that is to say, there is a contradiction between increasing the operating frequency of the transformer and increasing the output power of the transformer. It is difficult to balance the two. This is why the switching power supply has been developed for 20 to 30 years but its practical power can only be limited to Reasons in the range of a few watts to several kilowatts.

Switching power supply technology can improve the efficiency of equipment and is an effective way to save electric energy. However, there are still certain difficulties in the practical application of switching power supply in some low-voltage and high-current equipment with large power consumption and low efficiency, such as electrolysis, electroplating, welding and other power equipment. , and the electric energy consumed by this part of the equipment accounts for a large proportion of industrial electricity. Technical transformation of these equipment to achieve the purpose of substantial energy saving is an application field that urgently needs breakthroughs in power electronic engineering technology.

The key to the revolution in power supply technology lies in solving the problem of power converters.

We know that inductors and capacitors are two basic energy storage components in electrical engineering. Their electrical characteristics are completely corresponding. A transformer is an electric energy converter made of inductors. So, can capacitors be used to convert electric energy? What about the processor? What will its performance be like?

Inductive reactance is the product of inductance and frequency, which increases as frequency increases; capacitive reactance is the reciprocal of the product of capacitance and frequency, which decreases as frequency increases. This characteristic of the capacitor is exactly what we need. It means that people can obtain different output powers by changing the operating frequency of the capacitor; and obtain large power output by increasing the operating frequency.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a DC voltage divider with large output power, high efficiency and energy saving;

Another object of the present invention is to provide a DC voltage divider that is small in size, low in cost and suitable for integrated and serial production;

Another object of the present invention is to provide a DC voltage divider suitable for frequency modulation control of its output.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a DC voltage divider is provided, which includes an input loop composed of a plurality of energy storage circuits connected in series and an isolation diode, and a plurality of energy release circuits connected in parallel with the input circuit. An output loop with alternate loop operation; the energy storage circuit includes an input diode and a capacitor connected to the negative electrode of the input diode, and the energy release circuit includes the capacitor and first and second output diodes connected in series with the capacitor. ; The anode of the first output diode is connected to an endpoint of the capacitor that is connected to the cathode of the input diode, and the cathode of the second output diode is connected to the other endpoint of the capacitor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a DC voltage divider is provided, which includes an input loop composed of a plurality of energy storage circuits connected in series and an isolation diode connected between each energy storage circuit, and a plurality of energy release circuits. The circuits are connected in parallel to form an output loop that works alternately with the input loop; the energy storage circuit includes a capacitor, and the energy release circuit includes the capacitor and at least one output diode connected in series with the capacitor.

According to the DC voltage divider of the present invention, under the working condition of alternating input and output, it can divide the input high voltage and convert it into a DC low voltage output, so it can replace the transformer to step down the voltage in electrical equipment. It has the characteristics of small size, low cost and suitable for integrated and serial production. In addition, the DC voltage divider of the present invention uses capacitors as basic energy storage components to achieve low-loss, high-efficiency power conversion. Moreover, since the operating frequency of the DC voltage divider of the present invention is proportional to the output power, its operating frequency is not limited; its output power can be controlled by frequency modulation, and stable power output can be obtained by frequency modulation.